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1.
Journal of Southern Medical University ; (12): 1047-1050, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-987021

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the value of pharmacogenetic testing for improving the efficacy and safety of treatment with cyclosporine, tacrolimus, and cyclophosphamide (CTX) for PLA2R-related membranous nephropathy and for determing individualized and precise treatment plans for the patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 63 patients with PLA2R-related membranous nephropathy hospitalized in the Department of Nephrology at our hospital from January, 2019 to October, 2021 were enrolled in this study. Thirty-three of the patients underwent pharmacogenetic testing before taking the immunosuppressive drugs selected based on the results of genetic screening for sensitive targets, and the other 30 patients were empirically given immunosuppressive drugs according to the guidelines (control group). The clinical efficacy and adverse effects of the immunosuppressive drugs were analyzed for all the patients. The two groups of patients were compared for demographic and biochemical parameters including 24-h urine protein, serum albumin, renal function, and serum anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody both before and at 3 months after the beginning of the treatment.@*RESULTS@#Among the 33 patients undergoing pharmacogenetic testing, 51.5% showed a GG genotype for cyclosporine, and 61.6% had an AG genotype for tacrolimus; for CTX, 51.5% of the patients showed a homozygous deletion and 63.6% had an AA genotype. After treatment for 3 months, serum anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody, 24-h urine protein, and serum albumin levels were significantly improved in pharmacogenetic testing group as compared with the control group (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Individualized and precise administration of immunosuppressive drugs based on pharmacogenetic testing better controls proteinuria and serum antiphospholipase A2 receptor antibodies and increases serum albumin level in patients with PLA2R-related membranous nephropathy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Autoantibodies , Cyclosporine/therapeutic use , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Homozygote , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Pharmacogenomic Testing , Receptors, Phospholipase A2 , Sequence Deletion , Serum Albumin , Tacrolimus/therapeutic use
2.
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae ; (6): 235-244, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-981258

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) and neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 protein (NELL1) in phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R)-negative membranous nephropathy (MN). Methods A total of 116 PLA2R-negative MN patients treated in Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from 2014 to 2021 were enrolled in this study.Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect THSD7A and NELL1 in the renal tissue.The pathological characteristics,treatment,and prognosis were compared between positive and negative groups. Results The 116 PLA2R-negative MN patients included 23 THSD7A-positive patients and 9 NELL1-positive patients.One patient was tested positive for both proteins.The THSD7A-positive group showed higher positive rate of IgG4 (P=0.010),more obvious glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickening (P=0.034),and higher proportion of stage Ⅱ MN and lower proportion of stage I MN (P=0.002) than the THSD7A-negative group.The NELL1-positive group had lower positive rates of C1q and IgG2 (P=0.029,P=0.001),less obvious GBM thickening (P<0.001),more extensive inflammatory cell infiltration (P=0.033),lower proportion of deposits on multi-locations (P=0.001),and lower proportion of atypical MN (P=0.010) than the NELL1-negative group.One patient with THSD7A-positive MN was diagnosed with colon cancer,while none of the NELL1-positive patients had malignancy.Survival analysis suggested that THSD7A-positive MN had worse composite remission (either complete remission or partial remission) of nephrotic syndrome than the negative group (P=0.016),whereas NELL1-positive MN exhibited better composite remission of nephrotic syndrome than the negative group (P=0.015).The MN patients only positive for NELL1 showed better composite remission of nephrotic syndrome than the MN patients only positive for THSD7A (P<0.001). Conclusions THSD7A- and NELL1-positive MN is more likely to be primary MN,and there is no significant malignancy indication.However,it might have a predictive value for the prognosis of MN.


Subject(s)
Humans , Autoantibodies , Clinical Relevance , Colonic Neoplasms , EGF Family of Proteins , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Nephrotic Syndrome , Receptors, Phospholipase A2/metabolism , Thrombospondins/metabolism
3.
J. bras. nefrol ; 42(2): 254-258, Apr.-June 2020. graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134811

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a frequent cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. In terms of etiology, the condition may be categorized as primary/idiopathic or secondary. Literature on the pathophysiology of IMN has indicated the presence of autoantibodies (PLA2R and THSD7A) directed against podocyte antigens. The detection of antibodies against a domain favors IMN. The presence of autoantibodies against one of the domains would in theory exclude the possibility of there being autoantibodies against the other domain. However, cases of patients with PLA2R- and THSD7A-positive disease have been recently reported, showing that antibodies against two targets may be concomitantly produced via yet unknown pathophysiological mechanisms. This study reports the case of a 46-year-old male patient with nephrotic-range proteinuria, hematuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hypercholesterolemia submitted to biopsy and histopathology examination (LM, IF, IHC, and EM) eventually diagnosed with PLA2R- and THSD7A-positive IMN associated with IgA nephropathy, stressing our experience with the use of IgG subclasses, PLA2R, and THSD7A in the workup for MN and the relevance of adopting a broad and adequate approach to elucidating and acquiring knowledge of the pathophysiology of IMN.


RESUMO A Nefropatia Membranosa Idiopática (NMi) é uma frequente causa de síndrome nefrótica em adultos e sua etiologia pode ser estratificada em primária/idiopática ou secundária. O conhecimento da fisiopatologia da NMi sugeriu a presença de autoanticorpos (PLA2R e a THSD7A) direcionados contra antígenos existentes nos podócitos. A detecção de anticorpos contra um domínio favorece NMi. A presença de autoanticorpos contra um desses domínios autoexcluiria a possibilidade de autoanticorpos contra o outro domínio; no entanto, recentemente foram descritos casos que apresentaram dupla positividade para PLA2R e THSD7A, comprovando que, por mecanismos fisiopatológicos ainda não conhecidos, raramente pode existir produção concomitante de anticorpos contra os dois alvos. O presente estudo tem por objetivo relatar o caso de um paciente de 46 anos de idade, do sexo masculino, que apresentou quadro de proteinúria nefrótica, hematúria, hipoalbuminemia e hipercolesterolemia submetido a biópsia e exame histopatológico (ML, IF, IHQ e ME), confirmando um caso raro de NMi com positividade dupla para os anticorpos anti-PLA2R e anti-THSD7A e associação à nefropatia por IgA, mostrando nossa experiência com a utilização de subclasses de IgG, PLA2R e THSD7A na rotina laboratorial para a investigação da GNM e enfatizando a importância de uma abordagem ampla para adequada elucidação e conhecimento dos mecanismos fisiopatológicos na NMi.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/immunology , Thrombospondins/immunology , Receptors, Phospholipase A2/immunology , Biopsy , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/etiology , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/pathology , Kidney Glomerulus/pathology
4.
J. bras. nefrol ; 42(1): 113-117, Jan.-Mar. 2020. graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1098333

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Some cases of membranous nephropathy (MGN) present focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) typically associated with disease progression. However, we report a case of a patient who seemed to have MGN and FSGS, both primary. Case presentation: A 17-year-old female, Caucasian, presenting lower extremity edema associated with episodes of foamy urine and high blood pressure, had physical and laboratorial exams indicating nephrotic syndrome. A renal biopsy was performed and focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis were observed under light microscopy in some glomeruli presented as tip lesion, and in others it was accompanied by podocyte hypertrophy and podocyte detachment in urinary space, compatible with podocytopathy FSGS. Besides, there were thickened capillary loops with basement membrane irregularities due to "spikes" compatible with MGN stage II. Immunofluorescence showed finely granular IgG, IgG4, and PLA2R deposits in capillary loops and, in electron microscopy, subepithelial deposits and foot process effacement. These morphological findings are compatible with FSGS and MGN stage II. Conclusions: In the present case, clinical and morphological characteristics showed a possible overlap of primary FSGS and MGN as focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis does not seem to be related with MGN progression but with the podocytopathy FSGS.


Resumo Introdução: Alguns casos de nefropatia membranosa (NM) apresentam glomeruloesclerose segmentar e focal (GESF) tipicamente associada a progressão da doença. Contudo, relatamos o caso de uma paciente que parece ter NM e GESF, ambas primárias. Apresentação do caso: Uma jovem branca de 17 anos de idade com edema de membros inferiores associado a episódios de urina espumosa e hipertensão apresentou-se com achados físicos e laboratoriais sugestivos de síndrome nefrótica. Foi realizada biópsia renal. GESF foi observada por microscopia de luz em alguns glomérulos que apresentavam lesões de ponta, enquanto em outros o achado era acompanhado por hipertrofia podocitária e descolamento de podócitos no espaço urinário, compatíveis com podocitopatia GESF. Além disso, as alças capilares estavam espessadas com irregularidades na membrana basal devido a "espículas" compatíveis com NM estágio II. Imunofluorescência revelou depósitos finamente granulares de IgG, IgG4 e PLA2R nas alças capilares. Microscopia eletrônica exibiu depósitos subepiteliais e apagamento de pedicelos. Tais achados morfológicos são compatíveis com GESF e NM estágio II. Conclusões: No presente caso, as características clínicas e morfológicas revelaram uma possível sobreposição de GESF primária e NM, uma vez que a glomeruloesclerose segmentar e focal não parece estar relacionada com a progressão da NM, mas com a podocitopatia GESF.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/complications , Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/diagnosis , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/complications , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Nephrotic Syndrome/complications , Nephrotic Syndrome/diagnosis , Biopsy , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/pathology , Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/drug therapy , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/pathology , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Kidney/pathology , Nephrotic Syndrome/drug therapy
5.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(5): 688-691, oct. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-973675

ABSTRACT

La combinación de glomerulopatías es infrecuente en la población pediátrica. Su presencia debe ser sospechada en aquellos pacientes con una enfermedad glomerular de curso clínico atípico. La influencia a largo plazo sobre el deterioro funcional renal permanece incierta. Se presentan dos niños con características histológicas de glomerulopatía combinada.


Combined glomerulopathy is infrequent in pediatric patients. Its presence should be suspected in those patients with glomerulophaties with atypical course. The influence on the long-term renal impairment remains uncertain. Here we report two children with histological findings of combined glomerulopathy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Glomerulonephritis, IGA/diagnosis , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/psychology , Glomerulonephritis, IGA/physiopathology
6.
Rev. nefrol. diál. traspl ; 36(4): 229-234, dic. 2016. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1006279

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El sedimento de orina es una herramienta en la práctica clínica empleada desde hace muchos años para la evaluación de enfermedades renales. La detección de hematuria dismórfica es útil en el diagnóstico de enfermedades glomerulares. OBJETIVOS: Agrupar las hematurias dismórficas en los casos con presencia de acantocitos y los que no los presentan, y correlacionar estos dos grupos con los hallazgos histológicos de las biopsias renales. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y analítico. Se incluyeron los sedimentos de orina de 276 pacientes. Se analizaron dos grupos de hematuria dismórfica: D1 (presencia de acantocitos) y D2 (sin acantocitos), y se correlacionó con los hallazgos histológicos de la biopsia renal (glomerulopatías proliferativas y no proliferativas). Se analizaron los diferentes elementos formes de la orina (cilindros hemáticos, leucocitarios, céreos, granulosos, grasos), la creatinina plasmática y la proteinuria de 24 hs en los dos grupos de glomerulopatías. Posteriormente se realizó una regresión logística para evaluar las variables independientes entre los hallazgos del sedimento de orina, con los correspondientes odds ratio (OR) e intervalos de confianza (IC 95%). RESULTADOS: Se contó con 172 muestras provenientes de mujeres (62.3%) y 104 de hombres (37,7%). La presencia de acantocitos (D1) en las enfermedades glomerulares proliferativas (GP) fue 17 veces más frecuente comparada con las no proliferativas (GNP) OR 17.7 IC 95% (9.6-32.5) p 0.001. La presencia de cilindros hemáticos es ocho veces más frecuente en las GP OR 8 IC 95% (3.1-20.9). Los pacientes con hematuria no acantocitica (D2) es 5 veces más frecuente en una GNP OR 5.2 IC (2.4-11.3) p 0,001. La presencia de cilindros grasos fue más frecuente en los pacientes con GNP a diferencia de los cilindros leucocitarios, cuya frecuencia fue mayor en la GP. CONCLUSIONES: La presencia de hematuria dismórfica no acantocitica (D2) se correlacionó en la histología renal con la presencia de glomerulopatías no proliferativas (GNP) en forma significativa, a diferencia de la hematuria acantocitica y cilindros hemáticos que se observaron en glomerulopatías proliferativas, por lo tanto se considera una herramienta útil para poder diferenciar clínicamente estos dos grupos, sin remplazar la biopsia renal para el diagnóstico preciso y el pronóstico


INTRODUCTION: The analysis of urine sediment is a tool that has been used for many years in clinical practice to evaluate kidney diseases. Detecting dysmorphic red blood cells (RBC's) in urine is useful for the diagnosis of glomerular diseases. OBJECTIVES: To divide the cases of glomerular hematuria into two groups, depending on the presence or absence of acanthocytes, and to compare this factor with the histological findings of renal biopsies. METHODS: In this observational, retrospective, analytical study, urine sediments of 276 patients were included. Two groups of subjects with glomerular hematuria were analyzed: D1 (presence of acanthocytes) and D2 (absence of acanthocytes). The results were compared with the renal biopsy histological findings, i.e. proliferative glomerulonephritis and non-proliferative glomerulonephritis, considered separately. The formed elements of the urine (red blood cell, white blood cell, waxy, granular and fatty casts), plasma creatinine concentration and 24-hour urinary protein were tested in the two groups. A logistic regression analysis was later performed to assess the independent variables among urine sediment findings, with the corresponding odds ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (CI 95%). RESULTS: The samples were collected from 172 women (62.3 %) and 104 men (37.7 %). The presence of acanthocytes (D1) was 17 times more frequent in proliferative glomerulonephritis (PGN) than in non-proliferative glomerulonephritis (NPGN) [OR 17.7, CI 95% (9.6-32.5), p 0.001]. The presence of red blood cell casts was 8 times more frequent in PGN [OR 8, CI 95% (3.1-20.9)]. Cases of hematuria with no acanthocytes (D2) were 5 times more frequent in NPGN [OR 5.2, CI (2.4-11.3), p 0.001]. Fatty casts appeared more frequently in patients with NPGN, whereas white blood cell casts were more common in PGN cases. CONCLUSIONS: Renal histological findings revealed a significant correlation between glomerular hematuria without acanthocytes (D2) and non-proliferative glomerulonephritis (NPGN), while the presence of acanthocytes and red blood cell casts was associated with proliferative glomerulonephritis (PGN). The existence of acanthocytes in urine constitutes a useful tool to make a clinical distinction between these two conditions, but it does not replace renal biopsy to establish an accurate diagnosis and prognosis


Subject(s)
Humans , Acanthocytes , Hematuria , Urine , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis
7.
J. bras. nefrol ; 38(1): 42-48, jan.-mar. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-777496

ABSTRACT

Resumo Introdução: As glomerulopatias são as doenças renais mais frequentemente diagnosticáveis por biópsia. O levantamento epidemiológico das glomerulopatias permite identificar sua distribuição e principais etiologias e serve de subsídio para definição de estratégias de prevenção e tratamento. Objetivo: O presente estudo pretende identificar a frequência e a correlação clínico-patológica das glomerulopatias diagnosticadas por biópsia no HC-UFPR durante 5 anos. Métodos: Foram realizadas 131 biópsias no período de 1 de janeiro de 2008 a 31 de dezembro de 2012, submetidas à microscopia óptica e de imunofluorescência. Todas as lâminas de microscopia óptica foram revistas por um patologista. Dados clínicos e laboratoriais e resultados da microscopia de imunofluorescência foram obtidos por revisão dos prontuários. Resultados: Foram reanalisados 128 de 131 casos; 46,5% foram obtidos em homens. A idade média de realização da biópsia foi 43 anos para os homens e 38 anos para as mulheres. Em 99 casos identificou-se a indicação da biópsia; 49,5% apresentaram síndrome nefrótica; 17,17%, insuficiência renal aguda e 15,15% insuficiência renal crônica; 8,08%, síndrome nefrítica; 6,06%, proteinúria isolada e 4,04%, hematúria isolada. 61,21% tratavam-se de glomerulopatia secundária, 33,62% glomerulopatia primária e 5,17% não puderam ser classificados. Dentre as glomerulopatias secundárias, a mais frequente foi a nefrite lúpica (49,29%), e, dentre as primárias, glomeruloesclerose segmentar e focal (30,77%) e nefropatia membranosa (25,64%). Conclusão: O paciente com glomerulopatia neste serviço é adulto e portador de síndrome nefrótica. Ao contrário de outros relatos, observamos predomínio das glomerulopatias secundárias, refletindo possivelmente o perfil terciário de atendimento do HC-UFPR.


Resumo Introduction: The glomerulopathies are the most common biopsy-proven kidney diseases. The epidemiological investigation of glomerulopathies allows the identification of their distribution and main causes and enables the development of prevention and treatment strategies. Objective: This study aims to identify the frequency and clinical-pathological correlation of glomerular diseases diagnosed at the HC-UFPR over the period of 5 years. Methods: 131 biopsies were performed between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2012 and were analysed by light and immunofluorescence microscopy. Histopathological slides were reviewed by a pathologist. Clinical and laboratory data and the immunofluorescence microscopy results were extracted from medical records. The findings were tabulated and analysed. Results: 128 of 131 cases were reanalysed. 46.5% were obtained from men. Patients' age averaged 43 years for men and 38 for women. In 99 cases, the indication of biopsy was identified; 49.5% cases presented nephrotic syndrome, 17.17%, acute renal failure and 15.15%, chronic renal failure; 8.08%, nephritic syndrome; 6.06%, isolated proteinuria and 4.04% isolated hematuria. In 61.21% an underlying disease related to the glomerulopathy could be identified; 33.62% corresponded to primary disease and in 5.17% of cases the nature of the glomerulopathy could not be determined. Among secondary glomerulopathies, the most frequent was Lupus Nephritis (49.29%), and among the primary, Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (30.77%) and Membranous Nephropathy (25.64%). Conclusion: The average patient with glomerulopathy in this service is an adult with nephrotic syndrome. Unlike other reports, secondary glomerulopathies were predominant. These findings may reflect the tertiary characteristic of the assistance at HC-UFPR.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Kidney Diseases/diagnosis , Kidney Diseases/pathology , Biopsy , Lupus Nephritis/diagnosis , Brazil , Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/diagnosis , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies , Tertiary Care Centers , Nephrotic Syndrome/diagnosis
8.
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine ; : 728-731, 2013.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-157972

ABSTRACT

Nephrotic syndrome associated with Tsutsugamushi disease has not been previously reported. We are describing a case of Tsutsugamuchi disease presenting with nephrotic syndrome. A 72-year-old woman presented with fever and generalized edema. Laboratory studies revealed a leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, and hypercholesterolemia. Her urine protein excretion was 5.4 g/day. The anti-Tsutsugamushi antibody test was strongly positive (1:2,560). A renal biopsy was performed, and pathologic findings revealed membranous glomerulonephritis. The patient's clinical symptoms improved markedly after treatment with doxycycline.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Biopsy , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Nephrotic Syndrome/diagnosis , Orientia tsutsugamushi/immunology , Scrub Typhus/complications , Treatment Outcome
9.
Salvador; s.n; 2011. 60 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1000919

ABSTRACT

A prevalência de doenças renais em pacientes encaminhados aos Serviços de Nefrologia em hospitais terciários em Salvador, Brasil, foi avaliada através de exames histopatológicos. Analisamos, retrospectivamente, 228 biópsias renais realizadas entre janeiro de 2003 a junho de 2006. Destes, 159 preencheram os critérios para inclusão no estudo. Foram examinados por microscopia óptica, imunofluorescência (arquivos de imagens digitais) e, quando necessário, por microscopia eletrônica. Compilamos informações sobre gênero, idade, etnicidade, a síndrome clínica e a duração da doença renal. A revisão histológica das biópsias foi realizada em três etapas. Inicialmente, por dois patologistas, simultaneamente, usando um microscópio multiobservador. Em seguida, os diagnósticos foram revistos por um observador independente. Ao final, os casos sem unanimidade no diagnóstico foram revistos pelos três patologistas em conjunto, para se chegar a um diagnóstico consensual. A nefropatia primária mais freqüente foi a esclerose glomerular focal e segmentar, somando 27% dos casos. Outros 15% foram identificados como parte do espectro alteração mínima-esclerose segmentar focal desta doença. Encontramos glomerulopatia membranosa em 9%, glomerulonefrite membranoproliferativa em 7%, e nefropatia por imunoglobulina A em 5%. A nefropatia secundaria mais freqüente foi a nefrite lúpica, constituindo 14% do total. Concordância entre observadores no diagnóstico das nefropatias foi de 93%, com kapa 0,919, DP 0,03 e p<0,01. Este é o primeiro estudo descritivo da prevalência das glomerulopatias em Salvador, Brasil, com utilização de imunofluorescência e microscopia eletrônica. As glomerulopatias primárias e secundárias mais freqüentes foram glomeruloesclerose focal e segmentar e nefrite lúpica. Estes achados representam uma alteração da prevalência das glomerulopatias na Bahia, antes mais influenciada pela infestação por Schistosoma mansoni.


The prevalence of renal diseases in patients referred to tertiary hospitals in Salvador, Brazil was evaluated by histopathological examination. 228 biopsies of native kidneys, performed from January, 2003 through June, 2006, were retrospectively analyzed; 159 of these fulfilled the criteria for inclusion in this study. They were reviewed by light microscopy, immunofluorescence (digital image archives) and, whenever necessary, by electron microscopy. Gender, age ethnicity, duration of the renal disease and clinical syndrome were studied. Histological revision of the biopsies was performed in three rounds: 1st, by two pathologists using a multiobserver microscopy; 2nd, an independent revision by an external examiner and 3rd, the cases given discrepant diagnosis were revised by all the observers working together. Focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis was the most frequent primary nephropathy, encountered in 27% of the cases. Another 15% were identified as part of the minimal change - focal segmental sclerosis spectrum of disease. Membranous glomerulopathy comprised 9%, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis 7%, and immunoglobulin A nephropathy, 5% of the total. Lupus nephritis was the most common secondary nephropathy, corresponding to 14% of the cases. Interobserver concordance in the diagnosis of nephropathies was 93%, with Kappa 0.919, standard error 0.03 and P < 0.01. This is the first descriptive study of the prevalence of glomerulopathies in renal biopsies in Salvador, Brazil, using all the recourses of immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis and systemic lupus nephritis were identified as the most frequent primary and secondary glomerulopathies, respectively. This data may represent a shift in the patter of distribution of glomerulopaties in Bahia, formerly influenced by S. mansoni infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Biopsy/methods , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/parasitology , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/pathology , Kidney Diseases/pathology
10.
Ceylon Med J ; 2008 Mar; 53(1): 25-6
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-47381

ABSTRACT

We report a 40-year old woman with bilateral partial ptosis, complete external ophthalmoplegia, and weakness and fatiguability of upper limbs. She was on treatment for hypertension for 5 months at the time of admission. She was found to have generalised myasthenia gravis and membranous nephropathy with end-stage renal disease. Her symptoms and signs improved within 2 months on treatment with neostigmine and prednisolone. It is postulated that either thymic hyperplasia or the subclinical stage of a thymoma may be the underlying aetiological factor in this patient.


Subject(s)
Adult , Blepharoptosis/drug therapy , Female , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Humans , Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology , Myasthenia Gravis/diagnosis , Neostigmine/therapeutic use , Ophthalmoplegia/drug therapy , Prednisolone/therapeutic use , Thymoma/complications , Thymus Hyperplasia/complications , Thymus Neoplasms/complications , Treatment Outcome
11.
J. bras. nefrol ; 29(2): 71-79, jun. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-606108

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A glomerulopatia membranosa (GNM) é uma das causas mais comuns de síndrome nefrótica em adultos, podendo ser idiopática ousecundária. Inicialmente, a maioria dos pacientes apresenta função renal preservada. O curso clínico é variável, contemplando um espectro que vai desde a remissão espontânea da proteinúria até a progressão para insuficiência renal. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi traçar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes portadores de GNM primária no nosso Serviço e comparar nossos dados com o de levantamentos similares. Pacientes e Métodos: Foram avaliados, retrospectivamente, dados clínicos, epidemiológicos, laboratoriais e histopatológicos de 71 pacientes portadores de GNM primária, acompanhados no Ambulatório de Nefrites da UNIFESP-EPM, no período de 1976 a 2006. Resultados: Foram registrados 71 pacientes (43% do total)com a forma primária da doença, seguidos por pelo menos seis meses. Todos eram adultos, com idade mediana de 43 anos, predominantemente brancos e homens. Creatinina sérica e proteinúria medianas iniciais eram de, respectivamente, 1,1mg/dl e 6,4g/24h e as finais foram de 1,1mg/dl e 1,2g/24h. Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) e hematúria microscópica estiveram presentes em, respectivamente, 50% e 77,5% dos pacientes. A sobrevida livrede insuficiência renal em dez anos foi de 74,3%. Conclusões: No nosso serviço, as características clínicas, epidemiológicas, laboratoriais e morfológicas não diferiram, na sua grande maioria, de estudos semelhantes em todo o mundo, exceto por uma freqüência mais elevada de hematúria microscópica e HAS. Ao final de 30 anos, a probabilidade de apresentar algum grau de insuficiência renal foi de 28%.


Introduction: Membranous glomerulopathy is one of the most frequent causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults. It can be idiopathic or secondary. Initially the majority of the patients has normal renal function. The clinical course is variable, i.e., it includes since spontaneous remission of proteinuria to chronic renal failure. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and epidemiological profile of the patients with membranous glomerulopathy of our service and to compare these results to data from similar surveys. Patients and Methods: We evaluated retrospectively clinical, epidemiological, laboratorial and histological data from 71 patients with primary membranous glomerulopathy, followed up in the Glomerulopathies Section of the NephrologyService (UNIFESP-EPM), from 1976 to 2006. Results: Considering all cases of membranous glomerulopathy, 71 (43%) had the primary form of the disease and they were followed up for at least six months. All of them were adults, predominantly white males, with median age of 43 years. The median serum creatinine and proteinuria at presentation of disease were 1.1 mg/dl and 6.4 g/24h and at the end of follow-up were 1.1 mg/dl and 1.2 g/24h, respectively. Hypertension and microscopic hematuria were seen in 50 and 75% of the patients, respectively. Renal survival was 74.3% by 10 years of follow-up. Conclusions: In our service, the clinical, epidemiological, laboratorial and morphological features of membranous glomerulopathy were not different from those of other similar studies in the world, except for a higher frequency of hypertension and microscopic hematuria. At presentation patients had normal renal function and at the end of 30 years the renal survival was 28%.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/epidemiology , Nephrotic Syndrome/diagnosis , Nephrotic Syndrome/epidemiology , Nephrotic Syndrome/pathology
12.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 102(4): 296-300, Ago. 2004.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-469543

ABSTRACT

El síndrome nefrótico se caracteriza por proteinuria masiva e hipoalbuminemia, con edema, oliguria e hipercolesterolemia. Puede ser primario o secundario y puede estar causado por diversas lesiones; la menos frecuente en la infancia es la glomerulonefritis membranosa. La glomerulonefritis membranosa es una entidad antomopatológica de patogenia inmune, causada por complejos inmunes formados en las membranas basales glomerulares. Puede ser idiopática o secundaria a múltiples enfermedades. Tiene tendencia a la cronicidad con recaídas, si bien pueden existir remisiones espontáneas. El tratamiento se basa en el uso de corticoides con inmuno supresores o sin ellos. Se presentan dos niños con síndrome nefrótico, causado por glomerulonefritis membranosa; se describen los resultados de la biopsia, la evolución clínica y la terapéutica. En ambos pacientes, el síndrome se asoció con hematuria microscópica y función renal normal, sin hipertensión. Uno de los pacientes tenía el antecedente de infecciones urinarias recidivantes y contacto con tóxicos. Se trataron con corticoides y en ambos casos la glomerulonefritis se consideró idiopática. La precocidad del diagnóstico, la edad, la ausencia de hipertensión, la función renal normal, la respuesta al tratamiento y los resultados de las biopsias sugieren buen pronóstico. Sin embargo, su control continúa en forma estricta. Queda como incógnita en estos pacientes la posible relación entre glomerulonefritis membranosa con infecciones urinarias repetidas y con el contacto con tóxicos.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Child , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/complications , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/therapy , Nephrotic Syndrome/complications , Nephrotic Syndrome/diagnosis , Nephrotic Syndrome/therapy , Hematuria , Proteinuria
13.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 64(1): 59-65, 2004.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-366634

ABSTRACT

La glomerulopatía membranosa es el fenotipo histológico más frecuentemente asociado al síndrome nefrótico en el adulto y si bien globalmente la sobrevida renal a 10 años es del 70%, su evolución en el paciente individual depende de la función renal en el momento del diagnóstico, la naturaleza y extensión del daño glomerular y túbulo-intersticial, la presencia de hipertensión y la magnitud de la proteinuria. Si bien sehan desarrollado modelos matemáticos para predecir su historia natural, la capacidad para predecirla es limitaday excepto en mujeres jóvenes con función renal normal, una biopsia renal con poca esclerosis, normotensióny proteinuria no nefrótica, en general el tratamiento medicamentoso se ve apoyado por los resultados obtenidosen estudios controlados y aleatorizados. El uso de esteroides con clorambucil o ciclofosfamida, o laciclosporina A son los recursos terapéuticos de valor mejor establecido para inducir remisiones duraderas de laproteinuria y preservación de la función renal, si bien el micofenolato mofetil y tal vez el rituximab se incorporen al uso habitual en especial en casos resistentes a las dos alternativas anteriores.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Cyclosporine/therapeutic use , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/drug therapy , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/therapeutic use , Chlorambucil/therapeutic use , Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/etiology , Nephrotic Syndrome/complications , Prognosis
15.
Rev. méd. Costa Rica Centroam ; 65(544): 105-8, jul.-sept. 1998. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-257233

ABSTRACT

Los autores concluyeron que la NM es un padecimiento benigno, sobre todo en ciertos grupos de población. Entre los factores de mal pronóstico se mencionan: edad avanzada, severa proteinuria (más de 10 Gm), hipertensión arterial, alteración de la función renal y lesión túbulo intersticial en la biopsia renal, los pacientes sin esas complicaciones, tienden a la remisión total o parcial con mucha frecuencia. Los esteroides como monoterapia, no han tenido beneficio sobre todo a largo plazo, sin embargo, altas dosis de metilprednisolona pueden revertir una función renal que va empeorando en pacientes con severo síndrome nefrótico. Algunos pacientes con lesión histológica benigna, pueden tener alguna mejoría con esteroides. La combinación de esteroides y sustancias alkilantes, pueden tener buena influencia en pacientes con tendencia al deterioro de la función renal. El uso prolongado de la ciclofosfamida se puede complicar con la aparición de tumores malignos. Se requiere más tiempo para establecer el beneficio de los inhibidores de la enzima convertaza y los antiiflamatorios no estiroideos. Los pacientes con creatinina superior a 3 mg/dl es preferible tratarlos en forma conservadora y prepararlos para la diálisis y el transplante renal (14). No existen reglas que sustituyan la experiencia y el buen criterio clínico, para decidir cuándo y cuáles pacientes se deben tratar


Subject(s)
Humans , Steroids/therapeutic use , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/complications , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/therapy , Kidney Diseases/therapy , Dialysis , Kidney Transplantation , Costa Rica
16.
HU rev ; 18(2): 125-32, maio-ago. 1991. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-124595

ABSTRACT

Os autores apresentam um caso de síndrome nefrótico clássico em uma paciente de 46 anos e que, como primeiro laudo de biópsia renal, recebeu o diagnóstico de possível nefroesclerose benigna. Aproximadamente 3 anos após, surgiu-lhe carcinoma de mama e a revisäo do material de biópsia renal revelou glomerulonefrite. Aventou-se a possibilidade de síndrome nefrótico para neoplásico, porém näo houve resoluçäo do quadro após tratamento cirúrgico de neoplasias. Säo revistos alguns aspectos fisiopatogênicos do síndrome nefrótico secundário a neoplasia maligna.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma , Breast Neoplasms/secondary , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Nephrosclerosis/diagnosis , Nephrotic Syndrome/diagnosis , Brazil , Nephrotic Syndrome/surgery , Nephrotic Syndrome/physiopathology
17.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 6(3): 177-84, dic. 1990. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-203488

ABSTRACT

Se analizan diferentes aspectos de la glomerulopatía membranosa en relación a una casuística de nuestro medio, haciendo referencia a la existencia de formas secundarias que deben incentivar al clínico en su detección. Se discute la patogenia y se señala la importancia de la presencia de inmunocomplejos tanto en las formas clínicas como experimentales. Se refiere que la frecuencia entre las glomerulopatías primarias del adulto en nuestro medio es 11,6 por ciento. Se señala que la presentación clínica más frecuente es el síndrome nefrótico y que la evolución habitual es lenta y progresiva, con remisiones y exacerbaciones. Se destaca que existe relación entre la progresión del deterioro de la función renal y varios parámetros: la importancia de las lesiones intersticiales, la severidad de la proteinuria y la presencia de hipertension arterial


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/diagnosis , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/pathology , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/complications , Nephrotic Syndrome
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